Rotary drilling rig is a kind of construction machine for filling pile by taking soil and making holes, which is widely used. Today, I will introduce the specific components of the rotary drilling rig.
1, drill pipe, drill tool
Drill pipe, drill pipe is a key component, divided into internal friction type external pressure telescopic drill pipe and automatic internal lock interlocking type external pressure telescopic drill pipe. The internal friction drill pipe has high drilling efficiency in soft soil layer, and the locking drill pipe improves the downforce applied by the power head on the drill pipe and transmitted to the drill pipe, which is suitable for drilling into hard rock layer and has higher requirements for operation. In order to improve the efficiency of operation, a drill rig is mostly equipped with two sets of drill pipe. There are many kinds of rotary drill bits, including long screw and large diameter short screw bits, rotary drill bucket, sand bucket, barrel drill bucket, bottom expanding bit, core bit and so on.
2. Power head
Power head is an important part of the rig, the role is to output torque, by variable hydraulic motor, planetary reducer, power box and some auxiliary components, working principle: through the hydraulic pump to drive the high pressure oil output torque, through the planetary reducer and power box deceleration and increase torque. The power head has hydraulic transmission, motor transmission and engine transmission, no matter what, it has the function of low-speed drilling and reverse high-speed soil dumping. At present, most of the hydraulic drive, there are two variable hydraulic motor, two speed reducer drive or low speed high torque hydraulic motor drive. The drilling speed of the power head is generally multi-gear, which is suitable for working under various working conditions.
3. Winch
As an important part of rotary drilling rig, winding includes main winding and secondary winding. The main winch is used to lift and lower the drill pipe, and the secondary winch is used to support the work. In the working process, the main valve provides hydraulic oil for the winding hydraulic motor, and the main valve is reversed to realize the rotating action of the winding hydraulic motor, so as to lift the drill pipe and drill tool to rise and fall.
The main winding is an important part of the rig, the role is to lift or lower the drill pipe, by hydraulic motor, planetary reducer, brake, reel and wire rope composition, working principle: hydraulic pump output high pressure oil to drive the main winding motor, at the same time open the oil circuit and mechanical brake, through the reducer deceleration to increase the torque, drive drum rotation to lift or lower the main winding. The main winding is closely related to the drilling efficiency, the probability of drilling accidents and the length of wire rope life.
4, pressure device
The function of the pressure device: pressure is applied to the power head, and the pressure is transmitted by the pressure device → the power head → the drill pipe → the drill bit → the tooth tip to achieve the purpose of cutting, crushing or grinding. The pressurization form is divided into two types: cylinder pressure, lifting pressure cylinder pressure: the pressurized cylinder is fixed on the mast, the pressurized cylinder piston is connected to the power head slide frame, the working principle is provided by the auxiliary hydraulic pump of the rig to provide high pressure oil, enter the cylinder rodless cavity, push the cylinder piston movement, exert pressure on the power head, and the oil is locked by the single balance valve when it stops to prevent the power head from sliding. Advantages: simple structure, easy maintenance.
Hoisting pressure: a hoisting assembly is installed on the mast, and two wire ropes are wound on the drum, one for pressurizing and one for lifting, which are connected with the fixed pulley on the mast and the power head pulley, and then fixed respectively on the lower mast and the upper mast to achieve lifting or pressurizing conditions. Advantages: Through the pulley can achieve greater pressure, can achieve long screw construction method, disadvantages: the structure is a little complex, assembly and disassembly trouble, increase precautions during operation. Whether it is pressurized cylinder or lifting pressure, it is to achieve the pressurization condition, but the pressurization form is different.
5. Chassis
The chassis of rotary excavator can be divided into special chassis, crawler hydraulic excavator chassis, crawler crane chassis, walking chassis, automobile chassis, etc. But the track special chassis, compact structure, convenient transportation, beautiful appearance, high cost. At present, the vast majority of rotary excavators produced at home and abroad are used in special chassis.
Rotary excavator chassis accessories mainly have four wheels: four wheels refers to the support wheel, drive wheel, guide wheel, tug; One belt refers to the track.
Guide wheel: acts as a guide track and is located at the opposite end of the driving force. Usually each rotary excavator has 2.
Drag sprocket: the role of holding up the track, according to the size of the rotary excavator tonnage. Usually there are 1-2 on each side.
Support wheel: As the name suggests, it plays a supporting role and is located between the bottom surface of the left/right beam and the track, depending on the tonnage of the excavator. Usually there are 5-10 on each side.
Driving wheel: plays the role of driving track, fixed on the walking motor, and transmits the driving force of the walking motor to the track through the gear structure. Usually there is one on each walking motor.
Rotary excavator chassis parts: Guide wheel, sprocket wheel, support wheel, drive teeth, chain, chain link, chain pin, bucket shaft, four-wheel belt, chain rail assembly, guide wheel support, slewing support, track, rubber track, track assembly, track plate, tightening device, tightening cylinder seat, tightening cylinder, universal cross shaft, chain plate screw, big spring Chain plate, chain link, chain guard frame, bottom guard plate.
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